One of the best ways to use heliotrope is in containers. This way, the plants can be moved around so their sweet fragrance can be enjoyed often. Heliotrope is also great to plant in groups to maximize its fragrance, as it can be subtle at times. All parts of heliotrope plants are toxic to humans and animals.
Where to Plant Heliotrope
Plant heliotrope in organically rich, well-draining soil or potting mix in a garden bed or containers. Select locations close to outdoor activity areas so the scent can be appreciated. This plant is an annual in all but USDA Zones 10 and 11, where it grows as a tender perennial, but even there, it is better grown as an annual because it tends to become straggly.
How and When to Plant Heliotrope
Plant heliotrope transplants after the last frost in spring in a location that receives at least six hours of sun daily, preferably in the morning.
Flowers and Foliage
Heliotrope’s abundant flower clusters add a splash of color to a container garden or a flower bed. The most common hue is a deep, rich purple, but when you look closely at the blooms, they have several shades of purple with tiny yellow centers. Many of the most common heliotrope varieties claim to have blue flowers, but they are not quite a true blue. There are also white variations of these blooms, and some pale lavender heliotropes to go along with the deeper purple shades. Long, deeply veined leaves provide texture that acts as a lush backdrop for the fragrant heliotrope blooms. Overall, the plant has an almost shrubby appearance. In a tropical setting, heliotropes can reach up to 3 to 4 feet tall and wide. These shrubs can be almost completely covered in blooms during summer and create quite a “scent-sation.”
Heliotrope Care Tips
A heliotrope plant is easy to grow and will fill your garden with blooms and fragrance as long as its basic needs are met.
Light
The plants are happy with full sun and moderate moisture but can tolerate a bit of shade. In a shadier spot, the plant may not bloom quite as much.
Soil and Water
The plants perform best in fertile, well-drained soil; they don’t do well in heavy clay. When planted in containers, they prefer moist, loamy soil. Heliotrope plants love water, so keep the soil moist. When planted in a container, heliotrope requires frequent watering.
Fertilizer
In the garden, fertilize heliotrope plants monthly using a fertilizer high in phosphorous to promote more blooms. When they are planted in containers, heliotrope plants benefit from an application of liquid fertilizer every two weeks.
Pruning
Because the flowers bloom in large clusters, they may need some periodic deadheading of old blossoms to make way for more. You can also prune back the plant by about half its size to encourage bushy new growth and flower buds to form.
Pests and Problems
Heliotrope has few pest problems when it is planted in the optimum conditions, although it may attract mealybugs, white flies, aphids and spider mites. Although heliotrope is relatively problem-free, in a humid summer, if planted in some shade, it can be susceptible to powdery mildew. This appears on the foliage of the plants as a powdery white substance. This generally will not kill the plant, but it can slow the plant’s growth. To help prevent this, plant heliotrope in as much sun as possible and make sure there is good airflow around the plants. Also, avoid getting the foliage wet when watering, especially in the evening.
How to Propagate Heliotrope
Heliotrope can be propagated with cuttings or seeds. Cuttings deliver a plant identical to the parent, whereas seeds may not. Select a 5-inch section of stem and cut just below a leaf. Then remove the leaves on the bottom half of the cutting and dip the end in rooting powder. Insert the cutting into a moist planting medium. Place the cutting in bright indirect light and water frequently to keep the medium moist. The cutting will begin developing a root system in a few weeks. To start with seeds, you need a soil warming mat for successful germination. Keep the planting medium moist, and the seeds should germinate in four to six weeks.
Types of Heliotrope
The most common type of fragrant garden or container-grown heliotrope plants are cultivars of Heliotropium arborescens.
‘Fragrant Delight’ Heliotrope
Heliotropium ‘Fragrant Delight’ bears soft purple, highly fragrant flowers on 3-foot-tall plants.
Heliotrope Companion Plants
Angelonia
Angelonia is also called summer snapdragon, and once you get a good look at it, you’ll know why. It has salvia-like flower spires that reach a foot or two high, but they’re studded with fascinating snapdragon-like flowers with beautiful colorations in purple, white, or pink. It’s the perfect plant for adding bright color to hot, sunny spaces. This tough plant blooms all summer long with spirelike spikes of blooms. While all varieties are beautiful, keep an eye out for the sweetly scented selections. While most gardeners treat angelonia as an annual, it is a tough perennial in Zones 9-10. If you have a bright, sunny spot indoors, you can even keep it flowering all winter.
Durant
This unusual annual has beautiful blue-and-white flowers that are almost orchidlike in their beauty. A tropical shrub in the warmest parts of the country, Zones 8-11, duranta is grown in the rest of the country as an annual. It delights gardeners with its airy clusters of blue, violet, or white flowers followed by golden fruits. Plant it in a container and come fall, it will make a good indoor plant in a large, sunny, south-facing window. Watch for selections with variegated foliage; they add even more interest. As tropical shrubs, they can reach 15 feet or more, but when grown as annuals in cool regions, they seldom top 5 feet. Plant in spring in rich, well-drained soil after all danger of frost has passed. Fertilize moderately. Keep moist but do not overwater.
Licorice Plant
The elegant, silvery licorice plant is useful to set off flowers in blue, white, purple, and other colors and to add contrast to plantings where you want more than just a mass of green. It’s especially good in containers, where you can admire it up close and show off its spreading habit to best effect. Technically a tropical shrub, licorice plant is usually grown as an annual in the United States. It does best in full sun and well-drained soil.
Garden Plans for Heliotrope
Garden Plan for Partial Shade
This garden plan combines easy, adaptable plants to add color to spots that don’t see full sun.
